Terrorist Finance Tracking Program Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Psychological militant Finance Tracking Program - Essay Example Agreeing to Terrorist Finance Tracking Program: Fact Sheetâ (2006),â The United States â€Å"Treasury division is interestingly situated to follow psychological oppressor cash streams and aid the more extensive US Government impacts to reveal fear monger cells and guide psychological oppressor arranges here at home and around the world† (PP. 4). So as to guarantee the accomplishment of this program uses SWIFT. Concurring to Legal Authorities Underlying the Terrorist Finance Tracking Programâ (n.d. ). â€Å"SWIFT-a Belgium-based organization with U.S. workplaces that works an overall informing framework used to transmit bank exchange data looking for data on presumed worldwide terrorists† (PP. 6).The United States government utilizes summons so as to see this data. In light of the conditions of the summons the United States government is permitted to see this data just concerning suspected fear based oppressor examinations. The data acquired by SWIFT is legitimately gotten as per The International Emergency Economic Powers Act. The International Emergency Economic Powers Act was built up in 1977. The President just during a period of national crisis may advance this demonstration so as to explore monetary exchanges by methods for banks and other applicable money related exchanges with respect to an outside individua l associated with being related or being a psychological militant. With respect to the September eleventh 2001 psychological militant assaults previous United States president George W. Bramble gave official request 13224 pronouncing a worldwide crisis as future fear based oppressor assaults were suspected. Summons gave are in consistence with the United States Constitution’s fourth amendment as examinations of possible fear mongers and applicable archives to psychological warfare are realistic through summons given by Congress. Furthermore neither The Foreign Intelligence

Marijuana Should Be Legal Essays - Medicinal Plants, Entheogens

Pot Should Be Legal Seven Leaves Arent Bad: Pot Should Be Legal Theory: Should cannabis be sanctioned and would it be able to be utilized in positive manners? In 1937, the Marijuana Tax Stamp Act denied the utilization, deal, and development of hemp/maryjane in the United States. Pot is a medication that is exceptionally utilized all through the world. It originates from the cannabis plant. THC which represents delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol is the major psychoactive fixing. More than sixty 5,000,000 Americans today use maryjane. Today it is significantly more grounded than how it used to be during the 1970s on account of cautious development. It very well may be smoked tossed a funnel, joint, or it can even be utilized as a fixing in food. Despite the fact that the impact it has as a fixing isnt as solid as it would be on the off chance that you smoked it. Everything relies upon to what extent the individual smoking it holds in it their lungs. The more you hold it in the more the medication gets into your circulation system. Pot isn't only a medic ation to be utilized as to get high with. It is a medication that requirements to get legitimate so it can help mend individuals with specific infections and it tends to be valuable for mechanical reasons too. There are various sentiments an individual can have when you use weed. In low to direct portions, maryjane ordinarily makes a gentle feeling of elation, a feeling of eased back time, a fantastic kind of self-ingestion, and some hindrance in speculation and conveying (Hales 491). Normally the feeling of being high occurs inside thirty minutes and typically keeps going around three Aizkalns 2 hours. Some of the time when somebody is new at smoking maryjane they can encounter a tension assault. The prompt physical impacts of cannabis incorporate expanded heartbeat rate, red eyes, dry mouth and throat, eased back response times, hindered engine abilities, increment craving, and decreased momentary memory (Hales 492). A portion of these impacts can help somebody as staggering as it appears. On the off chance that pot is more destructive to society than the laws, at that point the laws ought to be held. In the event that the laws are more destructive than the substance, the laws ought to be changed (Rosenthal 1). Cannabis can decrease languishing over certain ailments out there today. A malignant growth tolerant by the name of Richard Brookhiser reacted to the dispute that weed has not permitted the important testing. He likewise dismissed the contention that permitting wiped out individuals to utilize the medication would urge individuals to utilize take the medication. In November 1996, the voters of California and Arizona make it legitimate to utilize maryjane as a medication. The Clinton organization said these activities were excessively imprudent. Be that as it may, for me, they came in an inappropriate states and four years past the point of no return. In 1992, my primary care physician in New York revealed to me that I had metastasized testicular malignancy, which required chemotherapy. To manage the subsequent queasiness, I took legitimate antiemetic drugs, yet sooner or later they didnt work. At that point, I went to pot (qtd. In Bender 149). Brookhiser had utilized pot to assist hi m with having longings for food. At the point when somebody goes tossed chemotherapy you lose your Aizkalns 3 craving and you are truly disgusted. Cannabis can build your hunger and assist you with needing to eat your food. Disease patients are not by any means the only wiped out individuals who get alleviation from smoking pot. It has a wide assortment of remedial applications, and is much of the time helpful in treating numerous conditions. Some are individuals who have the AIDS infection, it can assist them with decreasing the sickness, regurgitating, and loss of craving brought about by the infirmity itself and by treatment with AZT and different prescriptions. It can help individuals with Asthma. A few examinations have demonstrated that THC responds as a bronchodilator and turns around bronchial choking. Albeit ordinary bronchodilators work quicker, THC has been appeared to last more and with impressive less hazard (Rosenthal 68). New proof has demonstrated that weed is an immune system modulator in joint pain and other immune system infections. Maryjane can reduce the weakening, incessant torment brought about by heap issue and wounds. Maryjane has been appeared to help delicately and normally fo r individuals with misery and other temperament issue. Interestingly, ordinary energizer drugs like lithium, tricyclics, and MAO inhibitors have genuine wellbeing dangers and symptoms (Rosenthal 68). Maryjane is utilized to

The Role of the Litigation Attorney Before, During, and After the Court Process

The Role of the Litigation Attorney Before, During, and After the Court Process Are you embroiled in a business dispute? Going through a divorce? Did you get hurt in a car accident? All these are situations where it might be necessary for you to seek the services of a litigation lawyer. In the last few decades, US has earned a reputation as the most “litigious society” owing to the tremendous increase in lawsuits. Today, Americans are turning to lawsuits for the resolution of even the smallest problems, from neighbor disputes to spilled hot coffee. With Americans having such a high affinity for lawsuits, you have possibly had to deal with a lawsuit. Even if you haven’t, you might find yourself having to deal with a lawsuit at one time or another. This can be quite stressing. Not only do you have to deal with stresses of the issue behind the lawsuit, you also have to deal with the challenges of navigating the courts and litigation processes. If you want to successfully navigate these processes, you might need the services of a litigation attorney.In crimina l cases, the defendant has a constitutional right to legal counsel as provided by the sixth amendment. However, there’s no federal constitutional right to counsel in civil cases. Therefore, if you find yourself dealing with a civil lawsuit, you could end up being one of the millions of people who go to court without legal representation. Without a litigation attorney, not only will it be a challenge to navigate the litigation process, you will also reduce your chances of winning the case by half. On the other hand, having a litigation attorney makes the litigation process simple and increases your chances of getting a favorable outcome for your case. If you have a looming court case, you might not be sure whether or not you need a litigation attorney. To make it easier for you to make the decision, we are going to look at the role of the litigation attorney and how they can help you with your case. WHO IS A LITIGATION ATTORNEY?Litigation attorneys are legal experts who represent p laintiffs or defendants in civil cases. Litigation attorneys can also be referred to as trial lawyers or litigators. Litigation attorneys are responsible for managing all the phases of a litigation, including activities like investigating the details of the case, gathering of evidence, interviewing of witnesses and other parties, reading depositions and analyzing pertinent information, pleadings, settlement, and the appeal process. The litigation attorney will also help you to make sense of the Latin phrases and complex jargon that is the hallmark of legal matters.The tasks carried out by the litigation attorney will depend on the nature of the dispute as well as whether they are representing a plaintiff or defendant. Since litigation attorneys are experts in law and since they are conversant with all the procedural tricks of the legal process, having a litigation attorney will put you in the best position to win your case. In return, they get some monetary compensation once you win your case. Some of the types of civil lawsuits that litigation attorneys can handle include:Personal injury claimsEmployment lawsuitsEnvironmental lawDivorce and other family law disputesProduct liability suitsReal estate lawsuitsLandlord/tenant lawsuitsVenture capitalBusiness disputesMedical malpracticeIntellectual propertyAnti-trust litigationShareholders oppression Estate litigationConstructions liensBuilder’s liensMechanical liens, etc. Many lawyers often specialize on one area, such as family law or real estate, instead of handling all kinds of civil cases. DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF A LITIGATION ATTORNEYThe litigation attorney helps you with all the processes pertaining to civil lawsuits. Some of the tasks a litigation attorney might help you with include: Initial Case Assessment And InvestigationThis is a consultative stage. During this stage, your litigation attorney will spend time meeting with you and advising you. They will conduct an initial case investigation and try to find out if the available evidence is enough to file a strong suit. They will review details about the case and come up with a strategy on how to handle the case. They will advise between settling the case out of court and letting it go to trial, depending on the specifics of the case. If you are the defendant, the litigator will assess any evidence that they can use to defend you. Some of the activities that the litigation attorney will engage in in this phase include locating witnesses and taking their statements, interviewing you (the client), collecting documents and establishing the facts of the situation that led to the dispute. The litigator might also engage with the other party and attempt to settle the matter without the need to file a lawsuit. Assistance With DocumentsOne of the things that makes the court process challenging is the sheer number of documents that need to be filled or handed in. Failure to hand in some of these documents or handing them late can gr eatly change the dynamics of a lawsuit. Litigation attorneys are conversant with the process and are aware of all the documents that are required, as well as the specific timeframe within which they should be completed. Some of the documents that a litigation attorney might help you with include:AffidavitsComplaintsDefensesDiscoveryFurther and better particularsInterrogatoriesDrafting PleadingsThe lawsuit process requires several pleadings and motions to be filed with the court, either on behalf of the defendant or the plaintiff. If you are the plaintiff, your litigation attorney will initiate the lawsuit by drafting and filing a complaint and a summons. If you are the defendant, your litigation attorney will need to draft an answer and sometimes a counterclaim, depending on the complaint filed by the plaintiff. Your litigation attorney will also help you with investigating the allegations filed in the complaint in order to come up with appropriate responses. In addition to pleading s, it is also the responsibility of litigation attorneys to draft pre-trial motions, such as the motion to change the venue of trial or the motion to dismiss a piece of evidence. DiscoveryThis is the phase where the two parties involved in the lawsuit exchange any information that might be relevant to the lawsuit. There are several tactics and devices that your litigation attorney might use to gain this information from the other party. These include:Interrogatories: This is one of the most common methods of gaining information during the discovery phase. An interrogatory is a series of written questions that is served to the other party. It is compulsory for the other party to answer these questions in writing. The answers to these questions can then be used in court in case the other party changes their story later. Providing incorrect information in an interrogatory can lead to one being charged with perjury.Depositions: This involves asking the other party some oral questions in an out-of-court setting. Depositions are answered under oath and can be reduced to written transcripts which can later be used in court in case the deponent (the one being questioned) fails to appear in court or if they change their story.Requests for production of evidence: This is where the litigation attorney asks the other party to make available any physical evidence that might be relevant to the lawsuit. This is especially useful for gathering pertinent documents, such as letters, receipts, contracts, and so on. A litigator might also hire an e-discovery professional to help them gather and analyze electrically stored information (ESI) from the other party.Requests for admission: This involves asking the other party to admit or deny the certain facts of the lawsuit in writing and under oath. The aim of requests for admission is to save time and reduce the number of issues that might need proving during trial. Pre-Trial TasksOnce a lawsuit has been filed and accepted, the liti gation attorney will need to wrap up the discovery phase and conduct some pre-trial activities to prepare for appearance in court. These activities include gathering the names of potential witnesses, arranging for and conducting depositions by experts, interviewing key witnesses, examining evidence that will be used as exhibits in court, preparing evidence to be used in court, coming up with trial strategies depending on the available evidence and facts, attending pre-trial conferences, and drafting and arguing pre-trial motions. Representation In TrialIf the case proceeds to the trial stage, it is the responsibility of your litigation attorney to represent you in court. Before the trial, the litigation attorney will need to come up with a trial strategy that will maximize the chances of winning the case. Part of crafting the trial strategy is to perform a SWOT analysis of the case and come up with persuasive arguments. The trial stage begins with a process known as vior dire where the members of the jury are selected. Once the court proceedings are underway, the litigation attorney will present your case in court, make opening and closing statements, present any relevant evidence, examine and cross-examine witnesses, argue motions and generally craft their version of the case. The litigation attorney might also interview the members of the jury post-trial. SettlementSometimes, cases do not get to the trial phase. Instead, the two parties come up with a way of settling the dispute out of court in order to do away with the expense and risk of going to court. A litigation attorney can help you settle a case without the need to go to trial. To do this, the litigation attorney will negotiate with the other parties and try to come to a reasonable settlement. Sometimes, the litigation attorney might even need to take part in mediation and settlement conferences with the judge in charge of the case. Once an agreement has been reached, it will be the responsibility of the litigation attorney to create agreements and releases based on the agreement. More often than not, it is better to settle instead of going to trial. AppealSometimes, the trial might not go as you expected, creating the need for an appeal. However, a case cannot be appealed simply because it didn’t go as you expected. Instead, there should be evidence to show why the court’s decision was wrong. For instance, if some evidence was dismissed when it should have been admitted, this can act as grounds for an appeal. If you decide to appeal the decision of the court, it will be the responsibility of your litigation attorney to draft post-trial motions, identify grounds for the appeal, collect evidence for the appellate record, come up with strategies for the appeal, draft documents for the appeal and present your appeal before the appellate court. BENEFITS OF HIRING A LITIGATION ATTORNEYBelow are some reasons why it might be in your best interests to hire a litigation attorney to help you with your civil lawsuit: Peace Of MindIf you ask someone who has just represented himself in court, one of their top regrets is usually not getting an attorney to represent them. One thing that most people forget is that representing yourself puts you to close to the case. Your emotions cloud your judgment and make it hard for you to represent yourself to the best of your ability. Actually, most civil disputes end up becoming lawsuits because one or both parties are too emotionally invested in the dispute to come to an amicable solution. If you chose to work with an attorney, you will have the peace of mind that someone experienced and knowledgeable is doing their best to ensure that you get a favorable outcome from the case. You won’t get out of the case with regrets.  It Might Save CostsThis might be hard to believe, considering that you have to pay money to hire a litigation attorney, who can sometimes be rather expensive. However, hiring a litigator will save you mone y in the long run. A litigator can help you save money in terms of penalties and fines. A litigator will also increase your likelihood of getting a favorable judgment, helping you avoid paying anything to the other party or even ensuring you get some compensation from the other party. Reduced RiskWorking with a litigation attorney increases the chances of everything going well throughout the case. Litigators understand the law and court procedures, therefore they are better placed to ensure that everything is done properly. They know what to share in court and what to keep confidential. Even in the event that things do not go as expected, having someone knowledgeable in your corner will help you take further action to ensure the final outcome is favorable to you, which is something you might not be able to do on your own. Avoid Incriminating YourselfWhen testifying in a court of law, you should be very cautious, especially when the other party has legal counsel while you don’t. Th e other party’s legal counsel can easily trap you into revealing things that would end up with you incriminating yourself. However, if you have a litigation attorney, he or she will coach you on what to say in court and what not to say, as well as how to say whatever you have to say. This way, you litigation attorney ensures that you do not anything that might incriminate you or dilute the strength of your argument. Easily Navigate The Court ProcessOne of the greatest benefits of hiring a litigation attorney is that they will help you navigate the court process easily and properly. It doesn’t matter how much you prepare for the lawsuit by yourself, you will find yourself in need of guidance at some point. Researching and reading online can only take you so far. Only a qualified and experienced litigation attorney will be able to come up with the best strategy to ensure that you get a favorable outcome for your case. This is made even more challenging by the fact that many legal activities are quite complicated. Even the smallest activities in court require that certain procedures be followed. It is as important to follow these procedures as it is to correctly argue your case. Failure to properly follow these procedures can have your case thrown out or the key evidence you were relying on dismissed. According to this study, litigants representing themselves in a civil lawsuit have to perform almost 200 discrete tasks as part of the lawsuit processes. These tasks include things such as finding the right court, correctly interpreting the law, collecting and compiling evidence, filing motions, negotiating settlements, and so on. Many of these tasks can only be done properly by someone with a thorough knowledge and understanding of the law and the court system. Harvard Law School’s Access to Justice Lab has also monitored how complex the justice system can be. Even the most routine court processes require several steps, many of which vary depending on the sta te, the presiding judge and the particulars of the case. Having a litigation attorney can make this process a lot of easier for you, in addition to ensuring that your case does not get thrown out because you missed a single step you were not even aware of. ExperienceLitigation attorneys are experienced in handling civil disputes. This is their profession. Therefore, a litigator won’t get overly emotional if something they did not want to hear is said. They can handle negotiations and mediations objectively without taking things personally. On the other hand, if you are representing yourself and something upsetting is said to you, there is a likelihood that you might take it personally and do something regrettable. Having a litigation attorney maintains level headedness during the whole process. In addition, since the litigation attorney is conversant with the court processes, he is more likely to recognize instances of biasness or unfair treatment by a judge. Sometimes, the key pi ece of evidence being used against you might not have even been obtained properly. Unless you are conversant with court procedures, you wouldn’t know. Only an experienced person can recognize such malpractices and file motions to deal with such situations. Proper Handling Of Your CaseFinally, working with a litigation attorney will ensure that your case is handled properly. Litigators have been in similar situations a number of times and know how to handle any issues pertaining to the case, something you might not know how to do if you are representing yourself. For instance, if you are filing a personal injury claim, a litigator will have better knowledge of the key elements for a successful claim, the right amount to ask for, how to deal with insurance companies, and so on. In addition, litigators have a wide network of experts and professionals who can help with the discovery process or with challenging testimony or evidence provided by the other party. THINGS TO KEEP IN MIND W HEN HIRING A LITIGATION ATTORNEYOnce you have decided to hire the services of a litigation attorney, there are some considerations you should keep in mind to make sure you get the best out of the litigator. These include: Experience: Different litigators specialize in different areas of the law, so you want to be sure that the litigator you choose to work with is experienced in similar cases. For instance, it would not be wise to get a real estate litigator to help you in an employment lawsuit. Ask for a track record of cases the litigator has had in the last one year and find out how many went to trial. Were the cases tried by a judge or a jury? You want a litigation attorney who is comfortable in all these situations. Do your research: You don’t have to hire the first litigator you come across. Instead, talk with two or three of them and find the one that is best suited to handle your case. Find out about their experience, whether they think the case will go to trial or settleme nt, whether they will personally handle the case, their fees, and so on. Know the details of the deal: Don’t sign any agreement with the lawyer before you understand all the details of the agreement. What information will the litigator need from you? How often will you receive updates about the case? What are the total costs? What’s outcome are you aiming for? If anything is not clear, seek clarification before signing the agreement. Costs: Finally, review the costs associated with hiring the services of the litigation attorney. Ask for the lawyer to provide you with their fees in writing. Make sure that you understand all the charges before you hire the litigator. In addition, make sure you are aware of all the payment terms and arrangements. Will you pay an hourly rate? A flat fee? A contingency fee? You don’t want any surprises after the litigator has represented you in court. WRAPPING UPIt is clear that the legal process can be quite complex for someone who is self-represe nting, thereby making it necessary to have a litigation attorney help you with the process. Litigation attorneys will help you with various aspects of a lawsuit, including initial case assessment and investigation, document preparation, drafting pleadings, discovery, pre-trial tasks, representation in trial, settlement and appeal. Working with a litigation attorney has a number of benefits, including giving your peace of mind, helping you save costs, minimizing your risk, avoiding incriminating yourself, navigating the court process easily, better experience and better handling of the case.

How and Why to Comment in Your PHP Code

A comment in PHP code is a line that is not read as part of the program. Its only purpose is to be read by someone who is editing the code. So why use comments? To let others know what youre doing. If you are working with a group of people or plan on anyone else ever using your script, the comments tell the other programmers what you were doing in each step. This makes it much easier for them to work with and to edit your code if needed.To remind yourself what you did. Although you may just be writing a quick script for yourself and dont see the need for comments, go ahead and add them in anyway. Most programmers have experienced coming back to edit their own work a year or two later and having to figure out what they did. Comments can remind you of your thoughts when you wrote the code. There are several ways to add a comment in PHP code. The first is by using // to comment out a line. This one-line comment style only comments to the end of the line or the current code block, whichever comes first. Here is an example: ?php echo hello; //this is a comment echo there; ? If you have a single line comment, another option is to use a # sign. Here is an example of this method: ?php echo hello; #this is a comment echo there; ? If you have a longer, multi-line comment, the best way to comment is with /* and  */ before and after a lengthy comment. You can contain several lines of commenting inside a block. Here is an example: ?php echo hello; /* Using this method you can create a larger block of text and it will all be commented out */ echo there; ? Dont Mix Comments Although you can nest comments within comments in PHP, do so carefully. Not all of them nest equally well. PHP supports C, C and Unix shell-style comments. C style comments end at the first */ they encounter, so dont nest C style comments.   If you are working with PHP and HTML, be aware that HTML comments mean nothing to the PHP parser. They wont work as intended and are likely to execute some function. So, stay away from:   !--Comment--

Thomas Jefferson and Slavery - 1131 Words

Thomas Jefferson and Slavery Of slavery, the third President of the United States and co-writer of the Declaration of Independence as well as the Constitution of the United States wrote: But, as it is, we have the wolf by the ear, and we can neither hold him, nor safely let him go. Justice is in one scale, and self-preservation in the other. This quote illustrates the role that slavery played in the western world at the end of the eighteenth century. In The Declaration of Independence, Jefferson wrote that: We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness (Jefferson 1776). According to this document, all human beings should be considered equal, but this does not take into account Africans who were not treated as equals and were not even treated as human beings at this time in history. Many people, including Jefferson desired that an end to slavery be wri tten into the Constitution, a move that was decided against when the delegates realized that the southern states would never ratify the document if it contained that demand. The conflict between abolitionists and anti-abolitionists was an issue which would not be resolved until nearly a century after Jeffersons writings, but it is clear from this statement that he and others felt the issue keenly and were trying to find a way to deal with it, but wereShow MoreRelatedEssay Thomas Jefferson and Slavery994 Words   |  4 PagesThomas Jefferson is a man who really needs no introduction. He was recognized as a luminous writer who was appointed to draft the Declaration of Independence. Congress formally approved the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776. Jefferson owned many slaves that worked for him. He would often even sell his slaves to buy others. Why then would he write in the Declaration of Independence, â€Å"all men are created equal†? Is it possible that Thomas Jef ferson was a hypocrite and only wrote what theRead MoreThomas Jefferson and Slavery in Virginia1035 Words   |  5 PagesThomas Jefferson and Slavery in Virginia At the bottom it was slavery that divided Virginia along the Blue Ridge Mountains. Most members of the convention have agreed with the opinion of the distinguishing delegate, James Monroe, that â€Å"if no such thing as slavery existed.. the people of our Atlantic border, would meet their brethren of the west, upon the basis of a majority, of the free white population.† But slavery existed, largely as an eastern institution; and it demanded protection from mereRead MoreEssay On Slavery Vs Thomas Jefferson769 Words   |  4 Pagescommonly believe that Thomas Jefferson is a hypocrite, due to one of his most famous quotes is â€Å"all men are created equal†, he owned slaves and never released them. The topic over slavery and Thomas Jefferson is extremely controversial today in America. In each excerpt, each author clearly addressed the issue of presentism. In Wilson’s excerpt he addressed the issue of presentism by, considering the time eras and the dilemmas that Jefferson had. He wrote that Jefferson knew that slavery was wrong, but freeingRead MoreBenjamin Bannekers Rhetorical Appeals to End Slavery in his Letter to Thomas Jefferson539 Words   |  2 Pagessaid that slavery is a stain on our country’s past. The topic of slavery was and still is a controversy in which equality is a struggle to obtain. However, what occurred in the past created the nation that lives on today. Benjamin Banneker was one man who stood out in the efforts to end slavery. He did so in writing a strongly worded letter to Thomas Jefferson that exclaimed his opinions and feelings. Banneker used an appeal to pathos, repetition, and religious appeals to argue against slavery. Read MoreA Conversation Between Thomas Jefferson and Daniel Coker Concerning a Vast Array of Issues Surrounding Slavery2737 Words   |  11 Pagesï » ¿A Conversation Between Thomas Jefferson and Daniel Coker Concerning a Vast Array of Issues Surrounding Slavery It is easy for those of us living in the modern world to look back to the time of slavery and say it was wrong. It is also easy for us to see nothing wrong with intermarriage between races, though there are still pockets of people who feel it to be very wrong and will even disown family members for marrying outside their race. However, in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, thereRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Benjamin Banneker928 Words   |  4 Pageswrites to Thomas Jefferson in 1791 in an effort to denounce slavery in the United States. His letter was written in an era during a time which slavery was commonly practiced in the United States. In his appeals, Benjamin touches on topics of the cruel way blacks were treated and attempts to persuade Thomas Jefferson to reconsider his tolerance of such a heartless system. In his letter, Banneker utilizes ethos, pathos, logos, textual citation, and textual citation to relate to Jefferson about pastRead MoreThomas Jefferson s Influ ence On Modern Day Democracy1616 Words   |  7 PagesThomas Jefferson’s Influence on Modern Day Democracy and Racism Thomas Jefferson created two facades when it came to racism and slavery. Thomas Jefferson had a personal history with slavery and owning a plantation, but in certain instances he appeared to support equality like in his letter to Benjamin Banneker. Different texts like Notes on the State of Virginia by Thomas Jefferson with the related documents edited by David Waldstreicher, and Banneker and Jefferson Letter Exchange are examples ofRead MoreShould Americans Focus On Slavery868 Words   |  4 PagesShould Americans focus on slavery or focus on equality? There are always two different opinions and two different sides. For years and generations people have argued which is the right thing to do. Treat every citizen equal or bring back slaves? On some level, bringing back slaves should be put back on the table. For a fact, many people take their freedom for granted and take advantage of what they have. Bringing back slavery would make those ungrateful people appreciate what they had. Pe ople willRead MoreOver The Course Of Evaluating America’S History, Much Time1624 Words   |  7 PagesOver the course of evaluating America’s history, much time has been spent deliberating Thomas Jefferson’s motives and actions in regards to slavery and its possible abolition. This topic has become a very polarized subject as some feel he was a clear abolitionist obstructed by a time during which popular opinion was distinctly in favor of slavery; others believe his claim to be a humane philanthropist was just a front as his actions so evidently played into supporting the system which he claimedRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Benjamin Bannekers Letter To Thomas Jefferson958 Words   |  4 Pagesgates of slavery, Banneker expresses how those with freedom take it for granted and don’t realize what a blessing it truly is. He wants all slaves or people who are treated poorly to enjoy life of freedom and happiness that others get to savor. Thomas Jefferson was a United States Secretary of State and the former of the Declaration of Independence. He wrote words that have left a lasting impact in the Americas. Jefferson however did not follow by those words. In Bannekers letter to Thomas Jefferson

A Place That Gets Worst From Time To Time Free Essays

There is a country in South East Asia known as the Philippines. It is composed of 7.100 islands and has its roots dating back to Spanish occupation. We will write a custom essay sample on A Place That Gets Worst From Time To Time or any similar topic only for you Order Now The country has a long history of being an occupied nation. Spanish slavery by the Americans only to be occupied by the Japanese during World War II. The Americans once again liberated it and eventually gave the country independence. The country has never stood a chance to develop and become a player in the emerging economies of the world due to poor political leadership. It was under a dictatorship spanning twenty years begging in the 70’s. The dictator president, Ferdinand Marcos was ousted in a bloodless revolution known as People power only to have the new leaders hounded by countless military uprisings that continue into the present leadership of the country. It is this political turmoil that has caused regression in the country. It has been getting worse since the Americans left because the people do not know how to govern themselves. They could be the Asian equivalent of Nigeria in the future most specially with their national elections, known for its violence, being underway with the opening of the campaign season this January. In the end, it seems like bad leadership and selfishness is causing an already bad situation to get worse in a country that seems to be getting into even worse situations with each passing day. In this situation that seems to have no solution, only the ordinary citizens of the country come out at the losers because they do not have the voice to be heard and the conviction to fight for what is due to them. Â   How to cite A Place That Gets Worst From Time To Time, Essays

Theories Of The Origin Of The Moon Essay Example For Students

Theories Of The Origin Of The Moon Essay The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth. The distance from Earthis about 384,400km with a diameter of 3476km and a mass of 7.35*1022kg. Through history it has had many names: Called Luna by the Romans, Selene andArtemis by the Greeks. And of course, has been known through prehistoric times. It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun. Due to its size and composition, the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial planetalong with Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars. Origin of the Moon Before the modern age of space exploration, scientists had three major theories for the origin of the moon: fission from the earth; formation inearth orbit; and formation far from earth. Then, in 1975, having studied moonrocks and close-up pictures of the moon, scientists proposed what has come to be regarded as the most probable of the theories of formation, planetesimalimpact or giant impact theory. Formation by Fission from the Earth The modern version of this theory proposes that the moon was spun off from the earth when the earth was young and rotating rapidly on its axis. Thisidea gained support partly because the density of the moon is the same as thatof the rocks just below the crust, or upper mantle, of the earth. A majordifficulty with this theory is that the angular momentum of the earth, in order toachieve rotational instability, would have to have been much greater than theangular momentum of the present earth-moon system. We will write a custom essay on Theories Of The Origin Of The Moon specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Formation in Orbit Near the EarthThis theory proposes that the earth and moon, and all other bodies of thesolar system, condensed independently out of the huge cloud of cold gases andsolid particles that constituted the primordial solar nebula. Much of thismaterial finally collected at the center to form the sun. Formation Far from Earth According to this theory, independent formation of the earth and moon, asin the above theory, is assumed; but the moon is supposed to have formed at a different place in the solar system, far from earth. The orbits of theearth and moon then, it is surmised, carried them near each other so that the moonwas pulled into permanent orbit about the earth. Planetesimal Impact First published in 1975, this theory proposes that early in the earthshistory, well over 4 billion years ago, the earth was struck by a large body calleda planetesimal, about the size of Mars. The catastrophic impact blastedportions of the earth and the planetesimal into earth orbit, where debris from theimpact eventually coalesced to form the moon. This theory, after years of researchon moon rocks in the 1970s and 1980s, has become the most widely accepted one for the moons origin. The major problem with the theory is that itwould seem to require that the earth melted throughout, following the impact,whereas the earths geochemistry does not indicate such a radical melting. Planetesimal Impact Theory (Giant Impact Theory)As the Apollo project progressed, it became noteworthy that few scientists working on the project were changing their minds about which of these threetheories they believed was most likely correct, and each of the theorieshad its vocal advocates. In the years immediately following the Apollo project,this division of opinion continued to exist. One observer of the scene, apsychologist, concluded that the scientists studying the Moon were extremely dogmatic andlargely immune to persuasion by scientific evidence. But the facts werethat the scientific evidence did not single out any one of these theories. Each oneof them had several grave difficulties as well as one or more points in its favor. .ub10c02ba90676912c6f62191cc6822ee , .ub10c02ba90676912c6f62191cc6822ee .postImageUrl , .ub10c02ba90676912c6f62191cc6822ee .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub10c02ba90676912c6f62191cc6822ee , .ub10c02ba90676912c6f62191cc6822ee:hover , .ub10c02ba90676912c6f62191cc6822ee:visited , .ub10c02ba90676912c6f62191cc6822ee:active { border:0!important; } .ub10c02ba90676912c6f62191cc6822ee .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub10c02ba90676912c6f62191cc6822ee { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub10c02ba90676912c6f62191cc6822ee:active , .ub10c02ba90676912c6f62191cc6822ee:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub10c02ba90676912c6f62191cc6822ee .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub10c02ba90676912c6f62191cc6822ee .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub10c02ba90676912c6f62191cc6822ee .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub10c02ba90676912c6f62191cc6822ee .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub10c02ba90676912c6f62191cc6822ee:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub10c02ba90676912c6f62191cc6822ee .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub10c02ba90676912c6f62191cc6822ee .ub10c02ba90676912c6f62191cc6822ee-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub10c02ba90676912c6f62191cc6822ee:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: to kill a Mockingbird Persuasive EssayIn the mid-1970s, other ideas began to emerge. William K. Hartmann and D.R. Davis (Planetary Sciences Institute in Tucson AZ) pointed out that theEarth, in the course of its accumulation, would undergo some major collisions withother bodies that have a substantial fraction of its mass and that thesecollision would produce large vapor clouds that they believe might play a role in theformation of the Moon. A.G.W. Cameron and William R. Ward (Harvard University, Cambridge MA) pointed out that a collision with a body having at least themass of Mars would be needed to give the Earth the present angular momentum ofthe Earth-Moon system, and they also pointed out that such a collision would produce a large vapor cloud that would leave a substantial amount ofmaterial in orbit about the Earth, the dissipation of which could be expected to formthe Moon. The Giant Impact Theory of the origin of the Moon has emerged from these suggestions. These ideas attracted relatively little comment in the scientific communityduring the next few years. However, in 1984, when a scientific conference on theorigin of the Moon was organized in Kona, Hawaii, a surprising number of paperswere submitted that discussed various aspects of the giant impact theory. At thesamemeeting, the three classical theories of formation of the Moon werediscussed in depth, and it was clear that all continued to present grave difficulties. The giant impact theory emerged as the fashionable theory, but everyone agreed thatit was relatively untested and that it would be appropriate to reservejudgement onit until a lot of testing has been conducted. The next step clearly calledfor numerical simulations on supercomputers. The author in collaboration with Willy Benz (Harvard), Wayne L.Slattery at(Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM), and H. Jay Melosh (Universityof Arizona, Tucson, AZ) undertook such simulations. They have used an unconventional technique called smooth particle hydrodynamics to simulatethe planetary collision in three dimensions. With this technique, we havefollowed a simulated collision (with some set of initial conditions) for many hours ofreal time, determining the amount of mass that would escape from the Earth-Moon system, the amount of mass that would be left in orbit, as well as therelative amounts of rock and iron that would be in each of these different massfractions. We have carried out simulations for a variety of different initialconditions and have shown that a successful simulation was possible if the impactingbody had a mass not very different from 1.2 Mars masses, that the collision occurredwith approximately the present angular momentum of the Earth-Moon syst em, and that the impacting body was initially in an orbit not very different fromthat of the Earth. The Moon is a compositionally unique body, having not more than 4% of its mass in the form of an iron core (more likely only 2% of its mass in thisform). This contrasts with the Earth, a typical terrestrial planet in bulkcomposition, which has about one-third of its mass in the form of the iron core. Thus, asimulation could not be regarded as successful unless the material leftin orbit was iron free or nearly so and was substantially in excess of the mass ofthe Moon. This uniqueness highly constrains the conditions that must be imposedon the planetary collision scenario. If the Moon had a composition typical ofother terrestrial planets, it would be far more difficult to determine theconditions that led to its formation. The early part of this work was done using Los Alamos Cray X-MP computers. This work established that the giant impact theory was indeed promising andthat a collision of slightly more than a Mars mass with the Earth, with theEarth-Moon angular momentum in the collision, would put almost 2 Moon masses of rockinto orbit, forming a disk of material that is a necessary precursor to theformation of the Moon from much of this rock. Further development of the hydrodynamics code made it possible to do the calculations on fast small computers thatare dedicated to them. .u628bdc6af28086a7424d81101b57c0dc , .u628bdc6af28086a7424d81101b57c0dc .postImageUrl , .u628bdc6af28086a7424d81101b57c0dc .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u628bdc6af28086a7424d81101b57c0dc , .u628bdc6af28086a7424d81101b57c0dc:hover , .u628bdc6af28086a7424d81101b57c0dc:visited , .u628bdc6af28086a7424d81101b57c0dc:active { border:0!important; } .u628bdc6af28086a7424d81101b57c0dc .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u628bdc6af28086a7424d81101b57c0dc { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u628bdc6af28086a7424d81101b57c0dc:active , .u628bdc6af28086a7424d81101b57c0dc:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u628bdc6af28086a7424d81101b57c0dc .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u628bdc6af28086a7424d81101b57c0dc .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u628bdc6af28086a7424d81101b57c0dc .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u628bdc6af28086a7424d81101b57c0dc .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u628bdc6af28086a7424d81101b57c0dc:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u628bdc6af28086a7424d81101b57c0dc .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u628bdc6af28086a7424d81101b57c0dc .u628bdc6af28086a7424d81101b57c0dc-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u628bdc6af28086a7424d81101b57c0dc:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Magnanimity in the Iliad Analysis EssaySubsequent calculations have been done at Harvard. The first set ofcalculations was intended to determine whether the revised hydrodynamics code reproducedprevious results (and it did). Subsequent calculations have been directedtoward determining whether successful outcomes are possible with a wider rangeof initial conditions than were first used. The results indicate that theimpactor must approach the Earth with a velocity (at large distances) of not more thanabout 5 kilometers. This restricts the orbit of the impactor to lie near that ofthe Earth. It has also been found that collisions involving larger impactors with morethan the Ea rth-Moon angular momentum can give successful outcomes. This initial condition is reasonable because it is known that the Earth-Moon system haslost angular momentum due to solar tides, but the amount is uncertain. These calculations are still in progress and will probably take 1 or 2 years moreto completeBibliographyGIANT IMPACT THEORY OF THE ORIGIN OF THE MOON, A.G.W. Cameron,Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge MA 02138,PLANETARY GEOSCIENCES-1988, NASA SP-498EARTHS ROTATION RATE MAY BE DUE TO EARLY COLLISIONS, Paula Cleggett-Haleim, Michael Mewhinney, Ames Research Center, Mountain View, Calif. RELEASE: 93-012Hartmann, W. K. 1969. Terrestrial, Lunar, and Interplanetary Rock Fragmentation. Hartmann, W. K. 1977. Large Planetesimals in the Early Solar System. 1 Landmarks of the Moon, Microsoft ® Encarta ® 96 Encyclopedia.  © 1993-1995 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. 2 Characteristics of the Moon, Microsoft ® Encarta ® 96 Encyclopedia.  © 1993-1995 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Category: Science